Welcome to IthaMaps
IthaMaps is a global epidemiology database of heamoglobinopathies, illustrating published data on a dynamic global to regional map. Country-specific information on haemoglobinopathy-related policies, prevalence, incidence and overall disease burden is given, including relative allele frequencies of specific globin mutations in each country and/or region, dynamically linked to corresponding IthaGenes entries.
IthaMaps content was supported by partnership with the HVP Global Globin 2020 Challenge
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General information for Lebanon
 Lebanon |
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|---|
Haemoglobinopathy-specific healthcare policy information for Lebanon
| Healthcare policy | Comment/Info | Reference | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Prevention programme: | Yes (National) | Premarital screening for carriers is mandated by law; since 1994. | [PMID: 25030035] |
| SCD newborn screening: | No | Pilot haemoglobinopathy NBS program; SCD screening status unknown. From PMID: 19606054, SS-Hb is included in private MS/MS-based programs. | [PMID: 33073010] |
| Prenatal screening: | Yes (National) | PND since 2000; PGD since 2010. | [PMID: 25030035] |
| Dedicated treatment centres: | Yes (National) | [PMID: 25030035] | |
| Blood transfusion availability: | Yes (National) | From: PGPR, Global Sickle Cell Disease Network. | |
| MRI facilities: | Yes (National) | From: PGPR, Global Sickle Cell Disease Network. | |
| Genetic counselling: | Yes (National) | Premarital screening results are not always given to the couple by a trained medical professional who can explain the implications. | [PMID: 34433959] |
Prevalence and incidence of major haemoglobinopathies in Lebanon
| Haemoglobinopathy | Comment/Info | Reference | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Prevalence of β-thalassaemia carriers: | 3.5 % of the population | [PMID: 24672827] | |
| Prevalence of sickle cell disease carriers: | 2.1 % of the population | The rate spikes to 3.5% in the north, in Palestinian refugee camps and in the south. | [PMID: 34433959] |
| Prevalence of α-thalassaemia carriers: | 1 % of the population | Less than 1%. | [PMID: 23224852] |
| Prevalence of Hb C carriers: | 0 % of the population | [PMID: 26633548] | |
| Expected incidence of β-thalassaemia: | 19 expected affected births/year | [PMID: 24672827] | |
| Expected incidence of sickle cell disease: | 28 expected affected births/year | [PMID: 24672827] | |
| Incidence of sickle cell disease: | 251 affected births/year | Median value estimated using statistical model and demographic data. | [PMID: 23103089] |
| Known β-thalassaemia patients: | 678 patients | [PMID: 24672827] | |
| Known sickle cell disease patients: | 387 patients | [PMID: 24672827] |
Global Burden of Disease data for Lebanon
Migration data for Lebanon
Mutation frequencies in Lebanon
Overview (most frequent mutations with their observed average values and range)
β-locus
| IVS I-110 G>A: 33.49 % (11.9 % – 51.4 %) | IVS I-1 G>A: 14.88 % (4.9 % – 24.6 %) |
| IVS I-6 (T>C): 13.32 % (5.5 % – 21.1 %) | CD 29 (C>T) or IVS I (-3) GGC>GGT (Gly>Gly): 10.88 % (3.6 % – 32.2 %) |
Detailed mutation frequencies
| Entry ID | Locus | Region | Ethnic Group | Population Type | Sample Size | Study period (from) | Study period (to) | Reference | Comments | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 23390 | β-locus | Country-wide | Lebanese | Carriers | 110 | 1997 | 9358011 | Frequencies are shown for beta-globin gene mutations. Mutations CD 39 C>T, CD 8/9 (+G), CD 30 G>A, IVS I-116 T>G, CD 6 (-A), CD 41/42 (-CTTT), -101 C>T, and 44-bp deletion (from cd 24 to IVS1-26) were not detected in this sample. | ||
| 23391 | β-locus | Country-wide | Lebanese | Carriers and Patients | 277 | 2000 | 11186256 | Frequencies are shown for beta-globin gene mutations and were reported both in carriers (16.2%) and patients (83.8%). | ||
| 23392 | β-locus | Country-wide | Multi-Ethnic | Carriers and Patients | 250 | 2012 | 2018 | 33947296 | Frequencies are shown for beta-globin gene mutations and were reported both in carriers (36%) and patients (64%). Study subjects were recruited at the American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC), Beirut, and were ethnic Lebanese (74%), Iraqi (15%) and Syrian (11%). | |
| 23393 | β-locus | Country-wide | Lebanese | Carriers and Patients | 520 | 2005 | 15638828 | Frequencies are shown for beta-globin gene mutations and were reported both in carriers (40.5%) and patients (59.5%). Study subjects were recruited at the Chronic Care Center in Lebanon from across five geographic regions (Bekaa, South Lebanon, Beirut, North Lebanon and Mount Lebanon). | ||
| 23394 | β-locus | Bekaa | Lebanese | Carriers and Patients | 118 | 2005 | 15638828 | Frequencies are shown for beta-globin gene mutations. The study sample was acquired from the Chronic Care Center in Lebanon. | ||
| 23395 | β-locus | South Lebanon | Lebanese | Carriers and Patients | 144 | 2005 | 15638828 | Frequencies are shown for beta-globin gene mutations from patients residing in the South Lebanon and An Nabatiyah regions. Study samples were acquired from the Chronic Care Center in Lebanon. | ||
| 23396 | β-locus | Beirut | Lebanese | Carriers and Patients | 68 | 2005 | 15638828 | Frequencies are shown for beta-globin gene mutations. The study sample was acquired from the Chronic Care Center in Lebanon. | ||
| 23397 | β-locus | North Lebanon | Lebanese | Carriers and Patients | 114 | 2005 | 15638828 | Frequencies are shown for beta-globin gene mutations. The study sample was acquired from the Chronic Care Center in Lebanon. | ||
| 23398 | β-locus | Mount Lebanon | Lebanese | Carriers and Patients | 76 | 2005 | 15638828 | Frequencies are shown for beta-globin gene mutations. The study sample was acquired from the Chronic Care Center in Lebanon. |
Organisations in Lebanon
A list of all organisations in Lebanon stored in the ITHANET database is shown below. For more information, click on the corresponding organisation name or visit the detailed ITHANET Organisations page
| Name | Department | Organisation type |
|---|---|---|
| American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC) | Department of Internal Medicine | Research Center, Medical Center, Higher Education |
| Chronic Care Center | Medical Center |
Microattributions
No microattibutions were provided for Lebanon. Please contact us, if you are willing to review existing information or provide new data.
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Important Note: The relative allele frequencies presented in IthaMaps are not calculated by ITHANET, but they are extracted from the corresponding publications. ITHANET is not responsible for any mistakes in the data. Please use this information with caution! We encourage scientists that have more detailed or updated epidemiological information to contact us.
Disclaimer: The information on this website is provided as an information resource only and must not to be used as a substitute for professional diagnosis and treatment. The ITHANET Portal and IthaMaps are not responsible or liable for any advice, course of treatment, diagnosis or any other information, services or products that an individual obtains through this website.